Thinking Skills
In a survey of school children, everyone who liked drawing liked reading. Everyone who liked reading liked si…
Question 1 · Multiple choice
Question
In a survey of school children, everyone who liked drawing liked reading. Everyone who liked reading liked singing, but no one who liked reading liked dancing. Steve, Nicole, Kevin and Sarah all took part in the survey.
Options
Based on the information, which one of the following must be true?
- A.If Steve likes singing, he also likes reading.
- B.If Nicole does not like dancing, she does not like singing.
- C.If Kevin does not like drawing, he does not like reading.
- D.If Sarah likes drawing, she does not like dancing.
Correct answer
Explanation
Step 1: Turn the survey rules into a logic chain.
The three rules are:
- Drawing → Reading (everyone who liked drawing also liked reading)
- Reading → Singing (everyone who liked reading also liked singing)
- Reading → NOT Dancing (no one who liked reading liked dancing)
Combine these into one chain:
Drawing → Reading → Singing and Drawing → Reading → NOT Dancing
Step 2: Test each statement.
Option A — "If Steve likes singing, he also likes reading." We know Reading → Singing (forward), but not the reverse. Someone could enjoy singing without ever having read — the reverse is not given. ❌ Not necessarily true.
Option B — "If Nicole does not like dancing, she does not like singing." Not liking dancing does not tell us anything about singing. Nicole could love singing without ever liking reading (the chain that leads to "not dancing"). ❌ Not necessarily true.
Option C — "If Kevin does not like drawing, he does not like reading." This is the inverse fallacy: Kevin could like reading for a reason other than drawing. ❌ Not necessarily true.
Option D — "If Sarah likes drawing, she does not like dancing." Follow the chain: Drawing → Reading → NOT Dancing. If Sarah likes drawing, she must like reading, and since no one who likes reading likes dancing, Sarah cannot like dancing. ✓ This must always be true.
The answer is D.